Complete Plant Tissue Development Flow Chart
1. Embryonic Tissue (ভ্রূণীয় টিস্যু)
Characteristics:
- Undifferentiated stem cells of plants
- Found in shoot/root apices and cambium
- Capable of continuous division
Did You Know? These cells contain dense cytoplasm and prominent nuclei compared to mature cells.
2. Primary Meristematic Tissue
→ Epidermis
→ Cortex/Pith
→ Vascular Tissue
Key Fact: Apical meristems cause primary growth (length), while lateral meristems (cambium) cause secondary growth (thickness).
3. Repeated Cell Division
Cells divide rapidly through mitosis in:
- Meristematic zone: Active division
- Elongation zone: Cells expand
Science: Cell division rate can reach 1 division every 12-24 hours under optimal conditions.
4. Cessation of Division
Cells stop dividing due to:
- Hormonal signals (auxin/cytokinin balance)
- Positional cues (distance from meristem)
- Environmental factors (light/gravity)
Regulation: The QC (Quiescent Center) in root tips controls stem cell division rates.
5. Cellular Differentiation
Elongation/Specialization
Lignin/Suberin/Cutin
Chloroplasts/Vacuoles
Starch/Tannins/Resins
Example: Xylem cells undergo programmed cell death to become water-conducting vessels.
6. Functional Specialization
Cells acquire specific roles:
Metabolism/Storage
Flexible Support
Rigid Support
Adaptation: Some parenchyma cells can dedifferentiate to form new meristems after injury.
7. Permanent Tissue System
Dermal Tissue
- Epidermis
- Periderm (bark)
Vascular Tissue
- Xylem
- Phloem
Ground Tissue
- Parenchyma
- Support cells
Final Note: These tissues work together to form complete plant organs (leaves, stems, roots).